African Traditional Religion and Christianity

This course explores the beliefs, practices, worldview, and structures of African Traditional Religions (ATR) and evaluates them in light of the gospel of Jesus Christ. Students will analyze the foundational elements of ATR—such as belief in ancestors, spirits, divination, taboos, rites of passage, and sacred objects—and consider their ongoing influence on African culture and churches today.

The course then examines how Christianity has historically interacted with ATR, including early missionary encounters, syncretistic tendencies, and contextualization efforts. From a Reformed theological perspective, students will be equipped to uphold the supremacy of Christ while approaching ATR with both biblical conviction and pastoral sensitivity. Special focus will be given to gospel clarity, spiritual warfare, holiness, and the exclusive mediatorship of Christ in salvation.

Students will develop the ability to proclaim the gospel in African contexts where ATR elements are often deeply embedded in language, culture, and even some Christian practices. They will also reflect on how to disciple believers who come from ATR backgrounds without compromising biblical truth.